【Objective】Compare the outcomes of vacuum extractors and forceps in assisted vaginal delivery.【Methods】One hundred and sixty-four pregnant women with operative vaginal delivery who received prenatal examination and delivered in our hospital were enrolled. Eighty-two women with vacuum extractors were assigned into vacuum extractors group，another eighty-two women with low or outlet forceps were assigned into forceps group. Occiput transverse or posterior position women before operative vaginal delivery were assigned into abnormal fetal position group. Compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes of vacuum extractors and forceps in assisted vaginal delivery.【Results】The vaginal laceration rate of forceps group was significant higher than vacuum extractors group （56.1% vs 24.2%，P < 0.01），but neonatal subscalp hematoma and hyperbilirubinemia rate were lower than vacuum extractors group （P < 0.05）. The vaginal laceration rate of abnormal fetal position forceps group was also higher than abnormal fetal position vacuum extractors group（76.5% vs 22.2%，P < 0.05），but neonatal hyperbilirubinemia rate was lower than abnormal fetal position vacuum extractors group（P < 0.05）. The Interval time from decision to delivery，postpartum hemorrhage volume with 24 hours，leukocyte and neutrophil count after 24 hours，asphyxia of newborn rate，intracranial hemorrahge，subgaleal hemorrahge，referral rate and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy did not significantly differ between vacuum extractors group and forceps group（all P > 0.05）. 【Conclusions】Vacuum extractors can reduce the incidence of vaginal laceration rate，especial for abnormal fetal position，but increase the incidence of neonatal subscalp hematoma and hyperbilirubinemia rate.