【Objective】This study was designed to discuss exogenous human β defensin 2 protein how to regulate the proliferation/apoptosis and the expression of inflammatory factor in endometriosis cells in vitro. 【Methods】The endometriosis cells were cultured in vitro

the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β protein in endometriosis cells with/without 40 μg/mL hβD-2 protein was detected by Western blot analysis; when the endometriosis cells were cultured with setting concentration gradient (80 μg/mL

40 μg/mL

20 μg/mL

and 10 μg/mL) hβD-2 protein

on the concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β in the endometriosis cells conditioned medium was detected by ELISA; the endometriosis cells were cultured with adding high-dose hβD-2 (120 μg/mL) protein 24H as experimental group

the control group was endometriosis cells cultured with complete medium

the proliferation of two groups were detected by MTT. Cell apoptosis in the two groups were dyed by PI and detected by flow cytometry. 【Results】The endometriosis cells expressed hβD-2

TNF-α

and IL-1β. The expression of TNF-α and IL-1β protein in the endometriosis cells can be down-regulated by exogenous hβD-2 protein; the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β protein in endometriosis cells conditioned medium were down-regulated also by exogenous hβD-2 protein

and with dose dependence

the difference have statistical significance (80 μg/mL>40 μg/mL>20 μg/mL>10 μg/mL

P < 0.05). Compared with control group

high concentration of hβD-2 protein (120 μg/mL) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 hβD-2 can influence on expression of TNF-α and IL-1β inflammatory factors in the endometriosis cells

and which can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of the endometriosis cells

all of that can provide new theoretical basis for treating endometriosis in the future.