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兰州大学第二医院心理卫生科,甘肃 兰州730030
苗懿,第一作者,研究方向:青少年抑郁,E-mail:miaoyi7721@163.com
收稿日期:2024-09-08,
录用日期:2024-12-23,
纸质出版日期:2025-01-20
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苗懿,李隽逸,黄佩姗等.不同因素对青少年抑郁障碍非自杀性自伤行为的影响[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2025,46(01):123-131.
MIAO Yi,LI Junyi,HUANG Peishan,et al.Effect of Various Factors on Non-suicidal Self-injury in Adolescent Depression[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2025,46(01):123-131.
苗懿,李隽逸,黄佩姗等.不同因素对青少年抑郁障碍非自杀性自伤行为的影响[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2025,46(01):123-131. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0114.
MIAO Yi,LI Junyi,HUANG Peishan,et al.Effect of Various Factors on Non-suicidal Self-injury in Adolescent Depression[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2025,46(01):123-131. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0114.
目的
2
调查青少年抑郁障碍患者非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为的情况,分析相关影响因素,为NSSI的防治提供理论基础及参考。
方法
2
选取95例青少年抑郁障碍患者,根据DSM-5关于NSSI的诊断标准,将患者分为伴有NSSI行为组(NSSI组)和不伴有NSSI行为组(nNSSI组)。采用青少年非自杀性自伤行为问卷(ANSAQ)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、亲密关系体验-关系结构量表(ECR-RS)、儿童期创伤问卷简表(CTQ-SF)对患者进行评估,比较NSSI组与nNSSI组两组的组间差异,并使用二元Logistic回归分析探究NSSI行为的影响因素。
结果
2
95例青少年抑郁障碍患者中有59例存在NSSI,检出率为62.11%。NSSI组在抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、SCSQ消极应对、对父亲的依恋焦虑、对母亲的依恋焦虑及依恋回避、CTQ-SF总分、情感忽视、躯体忽视、情感虐待、性虐待方面的评分均高于nNSSI组(
P
值均<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,焦虑、消极应对、与母亲的依恋回避以及情感虐待可能会提高青少年抑郁障碍患者发生非自杀性自伤行为的风险(
P
值均<0.05)。
结论
2
本研究提示青少年抑郁障碍患者NSSI发生率较高,焦虑、消极应对、对母亲的依恋回避、情感虐待是青少年抑郁障碍患者发生NSSI行为的危险因素。临床中除了改善患者的抑郁、焦虑情绪外,还需注意关注患者的应对方式、亲子关系及童年创伤经历,以减少NSSI行为的发生。
Objective
2
To investigate the non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder, analyze related influencing factors, and provide theoretical basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of NSSI.
Methods
2
According to DSM-5 criteria, 95 depressive adolescents were divided into two groups: one with NSSI (NSSI group) and one without NSSI (nNSSI group). All patients were assessed with Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire (ANSAQ), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structures Scale (ECR-RS), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF). The inter-group differences were compared. The influencing factors of NSSI were analyzed by using binary logistic regression.
Results
2
Of the 95 depressive adolescents, 59 cases of NSSI were identified, with a detection rate of 62.11%. NSSI group had higher scores than nNSSI group on SDS, SAS, negative coping style, paternal attachment anxiety, maternal attachment anxiety and avoidance, CTQ-SF total score, emotional neglect, physical neglect, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse (all
P<
0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety, negative coping style, maternal attachment avoidance and emotional abuse incr
eased the risk of NSSI among adolescents with depressive disorders (all
P<
0.05).
Conclusions
2
Adolescents with depression have a high incidence of NSSI behaviors, which is related to anxiety, negative coping style, maternal attachment avoidance and emotional abuse. In addition to improving patients' depression and anxiety in clinical setting, attention should also be paid to patients' coping styles, parent-child relationship and childhood trauma to reduce the occurrence of NSSI behaviors.
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