1.武汉体育学院运动医学院,湖北 武汉 430079
2.武汉大学中南医院康复科,湖北 武汉 430071
韩芳,第一作者,研究方向:慢性疾病康复,E-mail:H1378047043@163.com
收稿:2025-05-26,
修回:2025-08-19,
录用:2025-08-22,
纸质出版:2025-09-20
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韩芳,田峻.糖尿病性骨质疏松与脂肪干细胞成骨分化能力损害机制研究进展[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2025,46(05):767-774.
HAN Fang,TIAN Jun.Research Progress on the Mechanism of Diabetic Osteoporosis and Impaired Osteogenic Differentiation Ability of Adipose-derived Stem Cells[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2025,46(05):767-774.
韩芳,田峻.糖尿病性骨质疏松与脂肪干细胞成骨分化能力损害机制研究进展[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2025,46(05):767-774. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0506.
HAN Fang,TIAN Jun.Research Progress on the Mechanism of Diabetic Osteoporosis and Impaired Osteogenic Differentiation Ability of Adipose-derived Stem Cells[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2025,46(05):767-774. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2025.0506.
糖尿病(DM)患者长期高血糖所致骨质疏松及骨愈合延迟等骨骼并发症已成为显著降低其生活质量的临床难题,其核心机制与脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)成骨分化能力受损密切相关。在骨组织工程中,ADSCs因取材微创、增殖迅速及多向分化能力被视为骨缺损修复的种子细胞,但DM病理环境显著抑制了ADSCs的成骨潜能,进而影响了糖尿病骨病的治疗效率。因此,探索高糖环境下ADSCs成骨能力障碍的深层机制对优化糖尿病骨病的治疗策略具有重要意义。本文系统回顾并总结了高糖环境中ADSCs迁移能力下降、增殖活性降低、衰老凋亡加速及成骨分化障碍的潜在机制。高糖环境可通过激活氧化应激、晚期糖基化终产物积聚以及扰乱Wnt/β-catenin、PI3K/Akt/mTOR、Notch等关键信号通路,从而抑制成骨相关基因的表达。此外,表观遗传修饰中DNA甲基化及非编码RNA网络可共同沉默成骨基因。深入阐明上述机制不仅有助于理解糖尿病骨病的发病机理,更为制定干预策略提供了方向。本综述旨在推动ADSCs再生医学在DM中的应用,并为进一步开发DM患者自体ADSCs修复和治疗骨缺损的策略提供理论依据。
Bone complications such as osteoporosis and delayed bone healing caused by long-term hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have become clinical problems that significantly reduce their quality of life. The core mechanism is closely related to the impaired osteogenic differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). In bone tissue engineering, ADSCs are considered as seed cells for bone defect repair due to their minimal invasiveness, rapid proliferation and multi-directional differentiation ability. However, the pathological environment of DM significantly inhibits the osteogenic potential of ADSCs, which affects the treatment efficiency of diabetic bone diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the underlying mechanism of impaired osteogenic ability of ADSCs in hyperglycemic environment for optimizing the treatment strategy of diabetic bone diseases. This article systematically reviewed and summarized the potential mechanisms of decreased migration ability, reduced proliferation activity, accelerated senescence and apoptosis, and impaired osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs in high glucose environment. High glucose environment can inhibit the expression of osteogenesis-related genes by activating oxidative stress, accumulation of advanced glycation end products, and disrupting Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Notch and other key signaling pathways. In addition, DNA methylation in epigenetic modification and non-coding RNA network can jointly silence osteogenic genes. Further elucidation of the above mechanisms not only helps to understand the pathogenesis of diabetic bone diseases, but also provides a direction for the development of intervention strategies. This review aims to promote the application of ADSCs in regenerative medicine for DM management and provide a theoretical basis for further development of strategies for autologous ADSCs repair and treatment of bone defects in DM patients.
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