中山大学肿瘤防治中心//华南肿瘤学国家重点实验室分子诊断科,广东 广州510060
吴小延,硕士,主管技师,研究方向:肿瘤分子诊断,E-mail:wuxiaoy@sysucc.org.cn
收稿:2021-01-04,
纸质出版:2021-07-20
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吴小延,刘小云,古家美等.血小板源性生长因子受体α突变型胃肠间质瘤的临床病理特征及预后分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2021,42(04):603-612.
WU Xiao-yan,LIU Xiao-yun,GU Jia-mei,et al.Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Analysis of Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha Mutant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2021,42(04):603-612.
吴小延,刘小云,古家美等.血小板源性生长因子受体α突变型胃肠间质瘤的临床病理特征及预后分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2021,42(04):603-612. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2021.0417.
WU Xiao-yan,LIU Xiao-yun,GU Jia-mei,et al.Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Analysis of Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha Mutant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2021,42(04):603-612. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2021.0417.
目的
2
探讨血小板源性生长因子受体α(
PDGFRA
)突变胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)中
PDGFRA
基因的突变状况、临床病理特征及预后因素,为生物靶向治疗提供依据。
方法
2
收集 2015 年1月至 2020 年11月期间中山大学肿瘤防治中心收治的经病理确诊为GIST,且原发肿瘤组织通过Sanger测序证实存在
PDGFRA
基因12或18号外显子突变的40例患者石蜡标本。采用免疫组化检测GIST中CD117、CD34、DOG-1及Ki-67表达情况。收集患者临床病理特征资料,回顾性分析影响
PDGFRA
突变型GIST 患者D842V突变组与非D842V突变组预后的危险因素。
结果
2
40例
PDGFRA
突变型GIST患者中,外显子18突变最常见,有39例(97.5%, 39/40)。肿瘤位于胃部34例(85.0%, 34/40),32例(80%, 32/40)为梭形细胞型,肿瘤最大径以≥5 cm,
<
10 cm 为主(42.5%, 17/40),核分裂象以≤5 个/50HPF为主(75.0%, 30/40),NIH 分级以高危为主(37.5%, 15/40)。CD117 和 DOG1的表达与
PDGFRA
基因突变无相关性,不建议作为预测疾病基因突变的指标。D842V与非D842V突变组的临床病理特征差异均无统计学意义(均
P
>
0.05)。不同性别患者的临床病例特征差异均无统计学意义(均
P
>
0.05)。Log-rank分析结果显示,D842V与非D842V突变组患者的RFS及OS差异无统计学意义(
P
>
0.05)。
PDGFRA
基因突变与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、危险程度和核分裂象均无明显相关性(
P
>
0.05)。
结论
2
PDGFRA
基因突变病例中D842V突变最常见,
PDGFRA
-D842V突变与非D842V突变患者临床病理特征基本相同。考虑
PDGFRA
第18外显子D842V原发耐药突变,而D842V突变GIST可以从Avapritinib治疗中获益,因此靶向药物治疗前应检测基因突变以指导临床合理用药。
Objective
2
To investigate the mutation spectrum of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor Alpha (PDGFRA) gene, clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in 40 cases with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), and provide the basis for further targeted therapy.
Methods
2
Totally 40 patients were enrolled between January 2015 to November 2020. These patients were admitted to the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center for surgical resection and pathologically diagnosed as GIST, and whose FFPE samples were confirmed with PDGFRA gene mutations in exon 12 or 18 by Sanger sequencing. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of CD117, CD34, DOG-1 and Ki-67 proliferation index in GIST. The clinical and pathological characteristics of the patients were collected, and the risk factors affecting the prognosis of GIST patients with the PDGFRA gene mutations (D842V mutation and non-D842V mutation) were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
2
In the 40 patients with PDGFRA mutant GIST, the mutations in exon 18 were the most common, with mutations in exon 18 (97.5%, 39/40), 34 cases (85.0%, 34/40) with tumors located in the stomach, 32 cases (80%, 32/40) were spindle cell type, 17 cases had the largest tumor diameter between 5 and 10 cm (42.5%), and 30 cases had the mitotic figures ≤5/50 HPF (75.0%, 30/40). Most patients had the NIH classification of high-risk (37.5%, 15/40). There was no correlation between the expression of CD117 and DOG1 and the PDGFRA gene mutations, and they were not supposed to be used as indicators for predicting the PDGFRA gene mutation status. There was no statistically significant difference between the clinical characteristics of the D842V mutation group and the non-D842V mutation group (P>0.05). Comparison of the clinical characteristics of patients with different genders showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Log-rank analysis indicated that there was no significant difference in RFS and OS between D842V mutation group and non-D842V mutation group (P>0.05). There is no significant correlations between the PDGFRA gene mutations and the patients’ gender, age, tumor size, tumor location, the degree of danger and mitotic figures (P>0.05).
Conclusions
2
D842V is the most common mutation in patients with PDGFRA mutations. The clinicopathological characteristics of between the patients with D842V mutation and those with non-D842V mutation are almost identical. Since PDGFRA D842V is the primary resistance mutation and the D842V mutant GIST patients can benefit from Avapritinib, therefore, gene mutations should be detected before targeted drug therapy.
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