1.中山大学附属第一医院产科胎儿医学中心,广东 广州510080
2.中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院妇产科,广东 广州510120
刘权瑞,硕士生,研究方向:胎儿医学,E-mail:liuqr9@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
收稿:2022-07-05,
纸质出版:2022-09-20
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刘权瑞,徐琦,赵婧雅等.单中心 232例非免疫性胎儿水肿超声特征及病因学分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2022,43(05):757-763.
LIU Quan-rui,XU Qi,ZHAO Jing-ya,et al.Ultrasonic Features and Etiological Analysis of Non-immune Hydrops Fetalis: A Review of 232 Cases in a Single Center[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2022,43(05):757-763.
刘权瑞,徐琦,赵婧雅等.单中心 232例非免疫性胎儿水肿超声特征及病因学分析[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2022,43(05):757-763. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2022.0509.
LIU Quan-rui,XU Qi,ZHAO Jing-ya,et al.Ultrasonic Features and Etiological Analysis of Non-immune Hydrops Fetalis: A Review of 232 Cases in a Single Center[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2022,43(05):757-763. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2022.0509.
目的
2
探讨非免疫性胎儿水肿(NIHF)的超声特征及病因学分布情况。
方法
2
纳入2012年12月至2019年1月就诊于中山大学附属第一医院产前超声诊断为NIHF病例232例,回顾性分析其超声特征及病因学分布情况。
结果
2
① NIHF最常见于TTTS Ⅳ期(50/232,21.55%);最常见超声水肿的部位为皮肤水肿(159/232,68.53%);最常合并的畸形为心血管系统异常(15/232,6.47%)。NIHF的活产率为31.47%。② 185例行产前遗传学检测的病例中,异常检出率40.54%(75/185),行染色体检查(包括染色体核型分析、染色体微阵列分析)的异常检出率26.49%(49/185),孤立性NIHF的异常检出率低于非孤立性NIHF的异常检出率(32.64%
vs.
68.29%,
P
<0.05 )。仅行染色体核型分析的异常检出率24.56%(14/57);仅行染色体微阵列分析(CMA)的异常检出率41.94%(13/31);同时行染色体核型分析及CMA的异常检出率25%(22/88),其中染色体核型分析检出异常3例(3.41%),CMA检出异常6例(6.82%),CMA较染色体核型分析额外检出3例(3.41%),染色体核型分析及CMA均检出变异13例(14.77%)。本研究中染色体核型分析异常检出率20.69%(30/145),最常见的染色体异常是45, X(19/145,占13.10%),其次是47, XX, +21/47, XY, +21(3/145,2.07%),染色体微阵列分析异常检出率26.89%(32/119),其中拷贝数变异(CNVs)占10.08%(12/119),包括致病性CNVs 4例(3.36%,4/119)。行基因检测病例中最常见异常是α地中海贫血--
SEA
/--
SEA
21例(21/26, 80.77%),其次是PTPN11基因突变2例(2/26,7.69%)。③ 遗传学未检出异常的NIHF病因有胎母输血、感染及不明原因的贫血。
结论
2
本中心NIHF最常见于TTTS Ⅳ期,最常合并的畸形为心血管系统异常,最常见的异常染色体核型是45, X;CMA较染色体核型分析额外检出率3.41%;最常见的单基因病是α地中海贫血--
SEA
/--
SEA
。非孤立性NIHF的遗传学异常检出率更高。
Objectives
2
To investigate the ultrasound features and etiological distribution of non-immune hydrops fetalis.
Methods
2
A total of 232 cases of diagnosed non-immune hydrops fetalis were recruited from December 2012 to January 2019 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The ultrasound features and the results of prenatal diagnosis of hydrops fetalis were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
2
1. Non-immune hydrops fetalis was often associated with TTTS stage Ⅳ (50/232, 21.55%); skin edema (159/232, 68.53%) was the mostly identified fluid collection; the most frequently combined malformations were anomalies of the cardiovascular system (15/232, 6.47%). 2. Totally 185 cases accepted further prenatal genetic test and the abnormal detection rate was 40.54% (75/185), while the abnormal detection rate of chromosome examination (including chromosome karyotype analysis and CMA) was 26.49% (49/185). The abnormal detection rate of isolated NIHF was lower than that of non-isolated NIHF (32.64%
vs
68.29%,
p
<
0.05). Chromosome karyotype analysis was only performed in 57 cases, and abnormalities were detected in 14 cases (24.56%). CMA only was performed in 31 cases and abnormalities were detected in 13 cases (41.94%). Both Chromosome karyotype analysis and CMA were performed in 88 cases. Variation was detected in 22 cases (25%), 3 cases (3.41%) showed abnormalities detected only by Chromosome karyotype analysis, while 6 cases (6.82%) had abnormalities detected only by CMA. The extra detection rate of CMA was 3.41% (3 cases) compared with Chromosome karyotype analysis. Variation was both detected by Chromosomal karyotype analysis and CMA in 13 cases (14.77%). In this study, 30 cases of variation were detected by Chromosomal karyotype analysis (30/145, 20.69%). The most common was 45, X (19/145, 13.10%), followed by 47, XX, + 21 / 47, XY, + 21 (3/145, 2.07%). CMA detected 32 cases of variation, including 12 cases of CNVs (10.08%), 4 of which were pathogenic CNVs (3.36%). Genetic analysis detected abnormalities in 26 of 27 cases. The most common abnormality in gene detection cases was αThalassemia --
SEA
/--
SEA
(21/26, 80.77%), followed by PTPN11 gene mutation (2/26,7.69%). 3. The causes of genetically normal NIHF included fetal-maternal blood transfusion, infection and unexplained anemia.
Conclusions
2
The most common etiology of non-immune hydrops fetalis is TTTS stage Ⅳ and the most frequently associated malformations are cardiovascular system abnormalities in our center. The most common abnormal karyotypes of non-immune hydrops fetalis are 45, X. CMA offers extra detection rate compared with Chromosome karyotype analysis in NIHF. The most common monogenic disease is αThalassemia--
SEA
/--
SEA
. The genetic abnormality detection rate of non-isolated NIHF is higher.
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