1.广州医科大学应用心理学系,广东 广州511436
2.伍珀塔尔大学生物心理系,德国 伍珀塔尔 42119
FAN Xi; E-mail: gyfanxi@gzhmu.edu.cn
纸质出版日期:2022-11-20,
收稿日期:2022-06-10,
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范熙,李晓乐,温煜煊等.不同反刍思维类型大学生对情绪面孔的注意偏向及时间进程[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2022,43(06):946-957.
FAN Xi,LI Xiao-le,WEN Yu-xuan,et al.Attentional Bias and Time Course towards Emotional Faces in College Students with Different Rumination Type[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2022,43(06):946-957.
范熙,李晓乐,温煜煊等.不同反刍思维类型大学生对情绪面孔的注意偏向及时间进程[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2022,43(06):946-957. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2022.0610.
FAN Xi,LI Xiao-le,WEN Yu-xuan,et al.Attentional Bias and Time Course towards Emotional Faces in College Students with Different Rumination Type[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences),2022,43(06):946-957. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ(med.sci).2022.0610.
目的
2
探讨消极型、低型、积极型反刍思维大学生对情绪面孔的注意偏向及其时间进程。
方法
2
采用积极和消极反刍思维量表区分三种反刍思维类型的大学生,并从各类选取28名参与结合眼动技术的点探测范式实验,情绪刺激材料为正性-中性、负性-中性、中性-中性的情绪面孔图片对。
结果
2
反应时指标显示,在负性-中性面孔对条件下,被试类型对注意偏向分数(BI)和注意脱离困难指数(DI)的影响均有统计学意义(
F
= 20.11,
P
<
0.001,
η
2
= 0.33)、(
F
= 11.46,
P
<
0.001,
η
2
= 0.22)。在正性-中性面孔对条件下,被试类型对BI和DI的影响均无统计学意义。消极型反刍被试对负性面孔的BI (
t
= 7.06,
P
<
0.001,
d
= 1.34)和DI (
t
= 5.92,
P
<
0.001,
d
= 1.12),积极型反刍被试对正性面孔的BI (
t
= 2.78,
P
<
0.01,
d
= 0.53),与0比较均有统计学差异。三组被试在所有条件下的注意定向指数(OI)与0比较均无统计学差异(
P
>
0.05)。眼动指标显示,各组被试在所有条件下的首视点定向概率与0.5均有统计学差异,低型反刍被试对正、负性面孔的首视点潜伏期偏向分数与0均有统计学差异;所有被试对正、负性面孔的首视点注视时间偏向分数与0和总注视时间百分比与0.5均有统计学差异,同时存在面孔图片类型的主效应 (
F
= 8.24,
P
= 0.005,
η
2
= 0.033)、(
F
= 9.31,
P
= 0.003,
η
2
= 0.036)。
结论
2
反应时指标表明消极型反刍思维者对负性刺激存在注意偏向,表现为注意脱离困难,积极型反刍思维者对正性刺激存在注意偏向。眼动指标表明各类型被试对情绪刺激均存在首次注视定向偏向、最初的和总体的注意维持且对负性刺激有更大的注意维持效应。
Objective
2
To investigate the attentional bias and its time course towards emotional faces in three different rumination types of college students.
Methods
2
The positive and negative rumination scale was used to identify three rumination types among college students, and we selected 28 students from each type to explore attentional bias within a dot probe paradigm combined with eye-tracking techonology. The emotional stimuli included positive-neutral, negative-neutral and neutral-neutral emotional face pairs.
Results
2
The reaction time indices showed that for negative-neutral face pairs, the effects of rumination type on bias index (BI) and disengaging index (DI) were statistically significant (
F
= 20.11,
P
<
0.001,
η
2
= 0.33), (
F
= 11.46,
P
<
0.001,
η
2
= 0.22]. But no statistical significance was found for positive-neutral face pairs. BI (
t
= 7.06,
P
<
0.001,
d
= 1.34) and DI (
t
= 5.92,
P
<
0.001,
d
= 1.12) in the negative ruminators towards negative faces and BI in the positive ruminators towards positive faces (
t
= 2.78,
P
<
0.01,
d
= 0.53) were all statistically different from 0. No statistical difference between orienting index (OI) and 0 was found in three types towards any emotional stimuli (
P
>
0.05). Eye movement indicators revealed that the probabilities of the first fixation were statistically different from 0.5 in all participants under all conditions and the deviation of first fixation latency was statistically different from 0 in normal ruminators tworards positive and negative faces. In all participants towards positive and negative faces, statistical differences were found between the deviation of first fixation duration and 0, the percentage of dwell time and 0.5; and the main effects of face pictures were observed (
F
= 8.24,
P
= 0.005,
η
2
= 0.033), (
F
= 9.31,
P
= 0.003,
η
2
= 0.036).
Conclusions
2
Reaction time indices showed that negative ruminators had attentional bias to negative stimuli, manifested as difficulty in disengaging attention, while positive ruminators had attentional bias to positive stimuli. Eye movement indicators showed that all types of ruminators had orienting bias of first fixation, initial and overall attention maintenance to emotional stimuli, and the attention maintenance effect towards negative stimuli was greater.
反刍思维注意偏向情绪面孔眼动追踪技术大学生
ruminationattentional biasemotional faceseye-tracking technologycollege students
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